The origin of football

 What is football?

Football is the abbreviation of football or football. Of course it also refers to the ball used in football matches. Football is an ancient sport that has a long history. The ball game, which originated in ancient China, was later developed into a modern football through the Arabs to Europe. Many countries have designated football as a "national ball."

Football is mainly based on the ball, but you can also use the head, chest and other parts to touch the ball. The two teams are engaged in offensive and defensive sports in the same venue. A wonderful football game attracts thousands of spectators. It has become an important part of TV programs. Reports on football news occupy the length of various newspapers in the world. Today's football has become a life in people's lives. An indispensable component. According to incomplete statistics, there are about 800,000 teams currently participating in the competition in the world, and about 40 million registered athletes, including about 100,000 professional athletes.

Football is highly resistant. The athletes use the various actions allowed by the rules in the game, including running, rushing, turning, falling, jumping, colliding, etc., and fierce competition with the opponent. The competition time is long, the audience is large, and the competition venue is large, which is unmatched by any other sports. The traditional football is composed of 20 hexagons and 12 cubes with a total of 32 skins. Football matches are divided into 11-a-side, 7-a-side and 5-a-side. The age group has u15, u17, u19 national Olympic group and adult group and youth group.

Football origin

Modern football was invented by the British more than a hundred years ago. Who invented the earliest football? Many people think that it is China's embarrassment.

   But it is not the earliest. A stone ball unearthed in the southwestern United States has a history of 6,000 years. It is similar to the two games played by Native Americans today: one is to use the arch of the foot to pick up the ball, and then to see who is throwing away; the other is to kick the ball away with the arch of the foot, then chase the ball, the most The distance can be up to 30 kilometers.

   In 1863, the first football association was established in the United Kingdom. On the court, 22 people, modern football with referees, fixed rules, venues, match time, goal, and even the net were officially born.

   The earliest football match formation was created by the British, "Nine Fronts and One Guard", that is, nine forwards, one guard, plus one goalkeeper. Later, the "seven fronts and three guards" formations were created, which brought the offensive and defensive forces to a relative balance. In 1870 Scotland created the "six-four-four-guard" formation. Then, the British created a "tower-shaped" formation of "1+2+3+5". This formation had a great influence on the development of the world football at that time, because it reflected the basic balance of offensive and defensive power.

    In order to meet the needs of the development of football, on May 21, 1904, France, Belgium, Denmark, the Netherlands, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and other countries launched the International Football Federation in Paris (headquartered in Zurich, Switzerland). In 1925, FIFA released a new "offside" rule, which increased the defensive tasks, and the contradiction between attack and defense was sharp. According to this, the British Chekhman created the "WM" formation in 1930, which made the distribution of the number of offensive and defensive people balanced. This formation flourished around the world around the 1940s.

Since the 1950s, the world football game has undergone three revolutionary changes. In 1953, the Hungarians broke through the "WM" style of traditional play and created the "three three four" formation, which effectively promoted the world football movement at that time. In 1958, the Brazilians had new developments in technology and skills, creating a "four-four-four" formation in which the offense and defense were balanced, and won the 6, 7, and 9 World Cup championships. Since then, there have been "four three three" formations and their variants. Because of this array of offensive and defensive balance, tactical flexibility and change, reflecting the trend of comprehensive development of technology, tactics and physical quality, it is known as football The third revolution in history.

Football is an ancient sport that has a long history. It is said that the Greeks and Romans had been engaged in a football game before the Middle Ages. On a rectangular field, they placed the ball on the white line in the middle and kicked the ball to the opponent's field with the foot. At the time, the game was called "Habastrom." By the early 19th century, football was already quite popular in Europe and Latin America, especially in capitalist Britain. Until 1848, the rules of the first form of football, the Cambridge Rules, were born. However, numerous materials indicate that ancient Chinese football appeared earlier than Europe and has a long history. Ancient Chinese football is called "蹴鞠" or "蹋鞠", "蹴" and "蹋" are the meaning of kicking, "鞠" is the name of the ball. The word "蹴鞠" was first recorded in the "Historical Records of the Historical Records". In the Han Dynasty, Liu Xiang and "Don't Record" and the Tang Dynasty Yan Shi were recorded for "Han Shu. In the Tang and Song Dynasties, the "蹴鞠" activity was very popular and became an elegant activity in the court. In July 1958, when the current president of FIFA, Dr. Avelan, came to China, he said: Football originated in China. Of course, due to the limitations of the feudal society, the ancient Chinese shackles did not develop into a modern football movement based on the principle of “fair competition”. This qualitative leap was completed in the capitalist UK.

Football development

Since the middle and late 17th century, football has gradually been introduced from all over the world to Europe, especially in some developed countries. More and more people are heading to the stadium and devote themselves to this stimulating and enjoyable sport, so that the quality of football has been used as a measure of the development of a country's culture. In this case, the British took the lead in making an important contribution to the development of football. On October 26, 1863, the British established the world's first football association, the English Football Association, at the Flemings Hotel, Queens Street, London. In addition to announcing the official establishment of the English Football Association, the world's first unified football competition rules were formulated and adopted, and recorded in written form. The birth of the English Football Association marks the beginning of a new phase in the development of football. Therefore, it is recognized that October 26, 1863, the day of the establishment of the English Football Association, is the birth day of modern football. The establishment of the English Football Association led to the vigorous development of football in some countries in Europe and Latin America. In 1872, England and Scotland held the first inter-assoatal competition in history. In 1890, Austria began to hold football championships, and in 1889 the Netherlands and Argentina appeared. Several football organizations, the 1900 Barcelona, Spain, established the "Female Catalonia" football association. These developments have created conditions for the creation of an international football organization. On May 21, 1904, the International Football Association Federation (referred to as FIFA, abbreviated as FIFA) was officially established in France, Sports and Sports Association, 229 St. Honore Street, Paris, France. Representatives and agents of the country signed the relevant documents. On May 23, 1904, FIFA held the 1st National Congress, and Robert Gatlin of France was elected as the first president.

The originator of the World Cup

French Jules. Remite (1837 ~ 1956), in 1920 he proposed the idea of a world football game at the Antwerp Olympic Games. In 1926, he pointed out in a report that "soccer can bring eternal faith and true peace to mankind" and organized a special The committee studied the feasibility of hosting the World Cup. At the Rotterdam FIFA General Conference on May 26, 1928, the participants voted through the World Cup every four years with a 25:5 vote. Two years later, in 1930, Uruguay hosted the first World Cup.

 The origin of the World Cup

There are a total of 2 World Cup trophies, one is the current World Cup and the other is the Remite Cup.

     world Cup

After the Brazilian team won the third championship in Mexico City in 1970, the first trophy of the FIFA World CupTM, the Jules Rimet Cup, was permanently collected by the Brazilian Football Association. Therefore, FIFA decided to create a new championship trophy for the 1974 World CupTM. Several designers from seven countries submitted 53 different design proposals to FIFA. Finally, FIFA chose Italian artist Silvio. • Works by Silvio Gazzaniga. The new World Cup is named "Hercules Cup." His designer, Gasaniga, described his work as follows: "Several curves extending from the pedestal spiral upward and are connected to the top of the earth. The shape of the two athletes as the main body of the statue. The design also fully demonstrates the exciting moment of victory.” FIFA stipulates that the ownership of the World Cup will always belong to FIFA, and every FIFA World CupTM champion can only retain the World Cup. In four years, it will be returned to FIFA at the beginning of the next World Cup in exchange for a pure gold replica issued by FIFA as a collection. The Hercules Cup is 36 cm high and weighs 4.97 kg and is cast from 18K pure gold. The pedestal consists of two layers of malachite. The top will be used to inlay 17 gold medals bearing the name of the champion team. According to this rule, the World Cup will be available to the 2038 World Cup.

      Jules Rimet Cup

Two years before the first FIFA World CupTM in 1930, FIFA developed a series of regulations on the World Cup. It is stipulated that a trophy will be set up to reward the final winner. The task of designing the trophy was finally handed over to the then famous French sculptor Abel Lafleur. The Remite Cup has had a lot of fate since its birth. During the Second World War, the Italian-born Ottorino Barassi, who was the vice-chairman of the FIFA, hid the Remite Cup in the hands of the German fascists and hid it under the bed. In the shoe box, this made the Remite Cup re-visited until the end of the war. In 1966, FIFA held a World Cup commemorative exhibition in England. The Remite Cup is naturally the most important exhibit. Who expected that it was missing under strict protection, and was later discovered under a tree, and a puppies named "Pickles" was still a singular thing. This bizarre thing is still a headless case. . In the 1970 World Cup in Mexico, the Brazilian team won the championship for the third time under the leadership of the ball king Bailey, so the Remite Cup was permanently retained in Brazil. The fate did not end here. In 1983, the Remite Cup was stolen again in Rio de Janeiro. The case was broken, but unfortunately, the Remite Cup has been melted by the thieves. Since then, this symbol The trophy of the highest honor in the World Cup has disappeared forever. Although the Brazilian Football Association produced a copy of the product, the regrets in people's hearts could not be erased. The Remite cup is 35 cm high and weighs about 3.8 kg. The sculpture at the top of the trophy is made of sterling silver and is gold-plated. The base is made of lapis lazuli. The base is encased with a gold medal on each side, engraved with the name of the trophy and the name of the team that won the championship at the 9th World Cup from 1930 to 1970.

A football match is divided into the first half and the second half. The legal time for the first half and the second half is 45 minutes each, and the rest time between the first and second half is fifteen minutes. After the legal time, the card can be used to make up the time in response to the time wasted when the game was paused. (Change one player according to the ball, 30 seconds to make up)

         In some competitions, if the two teams can't win or lose in the legal time of 90 minutes, they will play in overtime. In the first half of the overtime and the second half of the overtime, each of the 15 minutes will not rest after the first half of the overtime, and will directly play the second half of the game. Before the game, the coin is used to decide which team to kick the ball first.

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